Romance Languages
and Literatures

Director of Undergraduate Studies: Thomas Pavel, Wb 205D, 702-8481
B.A. Advisers: Karen Duys (French), Wb 222, 702-8482;
Elissa Weaver (Italian), Wb 406, 702-2420;
Lisa Voigt (Spanish), 834-7408
Department Administrative Assistant: Juanita Denson, Wb 205C,
834-5880
Department Secretary: Barbara Britten, Wb 205B, 702-8481
E-mail: romance-languages@uchicago.edu
World Wide Web: http://humanities.uchicago.edu/romance/

Program of Study

The Department of Romance Languages and Literatures offers programs of study leading to the Bachelor of Arts degree in French, Italian, or Spanish literature, or in some combination, which may include Portuguese. Portuguese offerings include a two-year language sequence and selected literature courses. The B.A. programs are designed to give students a knowledge of the literature in their area of concentration and to develop their ability to read, write, and speak one or more of the Romance languages.

Students are encouraged to participate in one of our study abroad programs. These programs currently exist in Argentina, Costa Rica, France, Italy, and Spain. Information is available from the Department Office or from the study abroad advisers.

Students with advanced standing should consider taking special topic courses at the 20000 and 30000 level. Some of these courses require consent of the instructor.

Program Requirements

Students interested in any of the following degree programs are required to speak with the appropriate B.A. adviser.

Degree Program in a Single Literature. The programs in French, Italian, and Spanish languages and literatures consist of thirteen courses beyond French, Italian, or Spanish 10300. Concentrators must first successfully complete French 20100-20200-20300; Italian 20100-20200-20300; or Spanish 20100-20200-20300, followed by ten literature courses. The introductory sequence in the history of the literature is required (French 20700 and 20800, plus 20900 or 21000; Italian 20700-20800-20900; or Spanish 20700-20800-20900). Concentrators are also required to take the following courses, which stress different approaches to language and literature and focus on a limited number of representative works: French 20400 and 21500; Italian 20400 (only required of returning Pisa immersion students) and 21500; or Spanish 20400 or 20500 and 21500. In addition to these requirements, students must take five courses in the literature of specialization (six for non-Pisa Italian concentrators). These courses are aimed at developing a broad knowledge of the field and, through the close study of major works, a proficiency in the critical techniques appropriate to their interpretation.

B.A. Paper. All concentrators write a B.A. paper, which must be submitted to the department no later than Friday of sixth week. Students should select a faculty supervisor for the paper early in the autumn quarter of their fourth year. During the winter quarter they should register for French, Italian, or Spanish 29900 with the faculty member chosen to direct the writing of the B.A. paper. This course does not count as one of the literature courses required for the concentration. The B.A. paper normally is a research paper with a minimum of twenty pages and a bibliography; it is written in the language of specialization. By the beginning of their fourth year, students must submit a writing sample in the language of their concentration (or, in the case of equal emphasis on two literatures, in both). If the department deems the language proficiency inadequate, there may be additional requirements to ensure that the B.A. paper can be successfully written in the language of concentration.

Summary of Requirements:

French

Concentration 3 FREN 20100-20200-20300

(second-year French)†

1 FREN 20400 (advanced language)

2 FREN 20700 and 20800

1 FREN 20900 or 21000

5 courses in literature (FREN 21600 or above)

1 FREN 21500 (literary analysis)

FREN 29900 (B.A. paper)

13

Credit may be granted by examination.

Summary of Requirements:

Italian

Concentration 3 ITAL 20100-20200-20300

(second-year Italian)†

3 ITAL 20700-20800-20900

6 courses in literature*

1 ITAL 21500 (literary analysis)

ITAL 29900 (B.A. paper)

13

Credit may be granted by examination.

* Returning Pisa immersion students may substitute

ITAL 20400 for one literature course.

Summary of Requirements:

Spanish

Concentration 3 SPAN 20100-20200-20300

(second-year Spanish)†

1 SPAN 20400 or 20500

(advanced Spanish language)

3 SPAN 20700-20800-20900

5 courses in literature

1 SPAN 21500 (literary analysis)

SPAN 29900 (B.A. paper)

13

Credit may be granted by examination.

Degree Program in More than One Literature. The programs in more than one Romance literature consist of eighteen courses. They are designed to accommodate the needs and interests of students who would like to broaden their literary experience. Linguistic competence in at least one Romance language is assumed. Students must write a B.A. paper under the guidance of a faculty adviser, as is the case in the B.A. program in a single literature. The following programs require completion of French, Italian, or Spanish 20300, or the placement or accreditation equivalent of the languages selected, with the addition of two or three courses for each language studied.

Summary of Requirements:

Program with equal emphasis on two literatures

Concentration 3 20100-20200-20300 in a

Romance language†

3 20100-20200-20300 in a

second Romance language†

6 courses comprising

two introductory sequences in

two Romance literatures

6 courses in literature equally divided between the same two Romance literatures, one of which must be 21500 taken in either literature

B.A. paper

18

Credit may be granted by examination.

Summary of Requirements:

Program with greater emphasis on one literature

Concentration 3 20100-20200-20300 sequence

in a Romance language†

3 20100-20200-20300 sequence

in a second Romance language†

3 one three-course introductory sequence in one Romance literature

5 courses in the same Romance literature

3 courses in a second Romance literature

1 21500 course in either Romance literature

B.A. paper

18

Credit may be granted by examination.

Honors. Students whose overall grade point average is 3.0 or better and who have a grade point average in their concentration of 3.5 or better may petition the department at the end of their junior year or the beginning of the autumn quarter senior year to be admitted to the honors program. In addition to the regular B.A. requirements, candidates for honors take an oral examination on a special reading list that is a reduced version of the M.A. list.

Joint B.A./M.A. Degree. The Department of Romance Languages and Literatures has a combined B.A./M.A. program for students with an exceptional background in the language and culture of the discipline. The program has been designed to ensure that the traditional breadth of the B.A. degree and the expertise of the M.A. degree are maintained. Because all requirements for both degrees must be fulfilled, an extra quarter is sometimes necessary to complete the program. Students apply to the B.A./M.A. program at the beginning of their third year. Graduate registration is required during the three quarters before receipt of the degree to meet the M.A. residence requirement.

Summary of Requirements:

B.A./M.A. Degree in French, Italian, or Spanish

1. FREN, ITAL, or SPAN 20100-20200-20300

2. Introductory literature sequence (three courses)

3. 30000-level literature courses (six in French; eight in Italian;

seven in Spanish)

4. B.A. paper (required enrollment in FREN, ITAL, or SPAN 29900)

5. M.A. courses (FREN 30400, 31500, 35800, and 35900;

ITAL 31500; SPAN 30400 or 30500, and 31500)

6. Comprehensive examination

Grading. Students concentrating in Romance Languages and Literatures must receive a letter grade in all required courses. Students not concentrating in Romance Languages and Literatures may take department courses on a P/N basis with consent of instructor. However, all language courses must be taken for a grade.

Faculty

ELIZABETH AMANN, Assistant Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

Paolo A. Cherchi, Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

FREDERICK A. DE ARMAS, Andrew W. Mellon Professor in the Humanities, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

RENÉ DE COSTA, Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

Peter F. Dembowski, Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures, Committee on Medieval Studies, and the College

Philippe Desan, Howard L. Willett Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

Nadine O'Connor Di Vito, Senior Lecturer, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College; Director, Romance Languages & Literatures Language Programs

Kathryn Duys, Assistant Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

NOËL HERPE, Assistant Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures, Committee on Cinema & Media Studies, and the College

ARMANDO MAGGI, Associate Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

Françoise Meltzer, Professor, Departments of Romance Languages & Literatures and Comparative Literature, the Divinity School, and the College; Chair, Department of Comparative Literature

Robert J. Morrissey, Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College; Director, ARTFL

Larry Norman, Assistant Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures, Committee on General Studies in the Humanities, and the College

Patrick O'Connor, Assistant Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

THOMAS PAVEL, Professor, Departments of Romance Languages & Literatures and Comparative Literature, and the College; Chair, Department of Romance Languages and Literatures

Mario Santana, Associate Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

LISA BETH VOIGT, Assistant Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

Elissa Weaver, Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures and the College

Rebecca West, Professor, Department of Romance Languages & Literatures, Committee on Cinema & Media Studies, and the College

Courses

Courses numbered 10000-19900 are introductory courses. Courses numbered 20000-29900 are intermediate, advanced, or upper-level courses and are intended for undergraduates. Courses numbered 30000 and above are graduate courses and are available to advanced undergraduate students only with the consent of the instructor. Undergraduates registered for 30000-level courses will be held to the graduate-level requirements. To register for courses that are cross listed as both undergraduate and graduate (20000/30000), undergraduates must use the undergraduate number (20000).

French

Language (must be taken for a letter grade)

10100-10200-10300. Beginning Elementary French I, II, III. This three-quarter sequence is designed for beginning to beginning-intermediate students in French. Its aim is providing students with a solid foundation in the basic patterns of spoken and written French (e.g., grammar, vocabulary, phonetics, and sociocultural norms) to develop their speaking, listening, writing, and reading skills to the level required to demonstrate competency on the French examination. Although the three classes constitute a sequence leading to the French competency examination, there is enough review and recycling at every level for students to enter the sequence at whatever level is appropriate for them. Staff. Summer (complete sequence offered); Autumn, Winter, Spring.

10100. FREN 10100 is designed for students who have no previous knowledge of French, and for those who need an in-depth review of the basic patterns of the language.

10200. PQ: FREN 10100 or placement. FREN 10200 offers a rapid review of the basic patterns of the language and expands on the material presented in FREN 10100.

10300. PQ: FREN 10200 or placement. FREN 10300 expands on the material presented in FREN 10200, reviewing and elaborating the basic patterns of the language as needed to prepare students for the French competency examination.

10201-10300. Continuing Elementary French I, II. PQ: Placement. This sequence has the same objectives as FREN 10100-10200-10300, but it is reserved for students with enough knowledge of the language to permit a more rapid assimilation of its foundational linguistic and phonetic patterns. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

20100-20200-20300. Language, History, and Culture I, II, III. PQ: FREN 10300, or placement. In this intermediate-level sequence, students review and extend their knowledge of all basic patterns (e.g., grammar, vocabulary, phonetics, and sociocultural norms) of the language. They develop their oral and written skills in describing, narrating, and presenting arguments. They are exposed to texts and audio-visual material that provide them with a deeper understanding of French literature, culture, and contemporary society. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

20100. PQ: FREN 10300 or placement. FREN 20100 is designed as a general review and extension of all basic patterns of the language for intermediate students. Students explore selected aspects of contemporary French society through a variety of texts and audio-visual materials.

20200. PQ: FREN 20100 or placement. FREN 20200 is specifically designed to help students develop their descriptive and narrative skills through exposure to written and oral autobiographical documents (e.g., literary texts and interviews). Students are taught the grammatical and lexical tools necessary to understand these documents, and to produce their own autobiographical segments.

20300. PQ: FREN 20200 or placement. FREN 20300 is specifically designed to help students develop their skills in understanding, summarizing, and producing written and spoken arguments in French, through readings and debates on various issues of relevance in contemporary French society.

20400/30400. Corso di perfezionamento. PQ: ITAL 20300.

20500/30500. Ecrire en français. PQ: FREN 20300 or placement. This course is strongly recommended for students intending to enroll in the yearlong Paris program. The goal of this course is to help students achieve mastery of composition and style through the acquisition of numerous writing techniques. Using a variety of literary and nonliterary texts as models, students examine the linguistic structures and organization of several types of written French discourse and are guided in the acquisition of the rules underlying each discourse type. Staff. Winter.

20600/30600. Phonétique et phonologie. PQ: FREN 20300 or placement. This course involves a systematic study of the French phonological system, placing equal emphasis on the recognition and the production of French sounds in context. Students also examine the relationships between the French sound system and French orthographic norms and grammatical distinctions. Classroom exercises and homework include examining authentic spoken discourse representing a variety of discourse styles and activities to promote the acquisition of spoken proficiency. Staff. Spring.

Literature and Culture

All literature courses are conducted in French unless otherwise indicated. French concentrators do all work in French. With prior consent of the instructor, nonconcentrators may write in English.

20700. Introduction à la littérature française I. PQ: FREN 20300 or consent of instructor. This course is designed to give an historical overview of French literature in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. There are close readings and discussions from representative works of this period. Among the authors studied are Rabelais, Ronsard, Montaigne, Descartes, Pascal, Corneille, Racine, Molière, La Fontaine, and Mme. de La Fayette. L. Norman. Spring.

20800. Introduction à la littérature française II. PQ: FREN 20300 or consent of instructor. Readings of major authors of the eighteenth century, including Montesquieu, Prévost, Marivaux, Voltaire, Diderot, Rousseau, and Beaumarchais. R. Morrissey. Winter.

21000. Intro à la littérature française IV. PQ: FREN 20300 or consent of instructor. Readings from major writers of the twentieth century, including Gide, Claudel, Mauriac, Aragon, Genet, and Proust. N. Herpe. Autumn.

21500/31500. La Stylistique. PQ: FREN 20400 or consent of instructor. This course concentrates on linguistic and literary problems of textual analysis. It examines literary and stylistic techniques in poetry and prose with concentration on the explication de texte method of literary study. R. Morrissey. Autumn.

21900. Medieval Song. In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, the flowering of lyric song in the South of France shaped the future of lyric poetry for centuries. This course surveys the music and poetry of these earliest French poets to get a sense of who they were (e.g., wandering minstrels, great princes, and starving scholars). We examine the developments of this poetry in northern France, where pious lyric, satyrical crooning, polyphony, and drama were introduced to the tradition along with an array of new female voices (e.g., Blessed Virgin, heartbroken maiden, and bawdy shepherdess). Finally, we investigate the dynamics of the performance culture that shaped these poets' lives, and witness how, as the tradition moved into books, their lives became poetic constructs. Classes conducted in French. K. Duys. Winter.

23400/33400. Classical French Cinema (=CMST 23400, FREN 23400/33400). Classic French cinema (from the earliest filmmakers to the beginnings of the New Wave) is studied through the examples of ten movies that influenced its history and represented the development of an esthetical movement: the French school before 1914 (Louis Feuillade's Fantômas), the "avant-garde" of the 1920s (Jean Epstein's La Chute de la maison Usher), the surrealist cinema (Luis Buñuel's L'Age d'or), the musical comedy (Rene Clair's Le Million), the "100 percent talking" film (Marcel Pagnol's Le Femme du boulanger), the poetic realism (Jean Renoir's La Règle du jeu, Marcel Carne's Le Jour se lève), the cinema under the Occupation (Henri-Georges Clouzot's Le Corbeau), the evocation of the Belle Epoque (Max Ophuls' Le Plaisir), and the revival of the literary adaptation (Robert Bresson's Journal d'un cure de campagne). N. Herpe. Spring.

24400. French Classics of the Middle Ages. This course consists of reading and discussion of five Old French works. These works are "classics" in that they influenced profoundly the subsequent literature not only of France but also of other countries. We cover heroic poetry, more realistic romances, an allegorical narratif, and lyric poetry (of Fraçois Villon). Texts in English. P. Dembowski. Winter.

25400/35400. New Approaches to l'Encyclopédie (=FREN 25400/35400, GSHU 24700/34700). PQ: FREN 20300 or consent of instructor. Diderot's Encyclopédie, which attempted to organize and transmit the totality of human knowledge, was also a fundamental vehicle for the spread of Enlightenment ideology and a place where French national identity and European self-awareness intersected with universalist principles. Profoundly dialogical, the Encyclopédie solicits active readings that encourage exchange and debate. We look at the complex relations at work between reader and text, and text and image in different Encyclopédie articles. Among other resources, the course uses a new electronic edition of the Encyclopédie. Classes conducted in French and English. R. Morrissey. Autumn.

29700. Readings in Special Topics. PQ: FREN 10300 or 20300, depending upon the requirements of the program for which credit is sought. Students are required to submit the College Reading and Research Course Form. Directed readings in special topics not covered by courses offered as part of the program in French. Because registration in FREN 29700 is subject to departmental approval, the subjects treated and work done in the course must be chosen, in consultation with the instructor, no later than the end of the preceding quarter. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

29900. B.A. Paper Preparation: French. PQ: Consent of B.A. adviser. Students are required to submit the College Reading and Research Course Form. This course offers a structure for students writing their B.A. papers. Students work with a faculty member of their choice who directs their paper and supervises their writing. Staff. Winter.

Italian

Language (must be taken for a letter grade)

10100-10200-10300. Elementary Italian I, II, III. This three-quarter sequence has as its basic objectives proficiency in speaking, listening, writing, and reading skills. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

10400-10500-10600. Italian through Dante, I, II III. Not open to students who have taken ITAL 10100-10200-10300. This beginning course is an experimental linguistic and literary approach to first-year Italian in which an Italian classic, Dante Alighieri's Divina Commedia, is used to teach first-year level language skills. We begin with a study of the poem that alternates with an intensive grammar component. In autumn quarter, we read Inferno, Canto I; during winter quarter we read Inferno, Canto V (the episode of Paolo and Francesca) together with brief selections from other cantos; and spring quarter we read selections from several cantos, concentrating on the speech of Ulysses. Intensive reading of Dante's poem alternates in autumn with an overview of Italian grammar and intensive work on pronunciation; in winter we begin concentrated work on oral Italian and a review of the grammar; and in spring we stress the three language skills of reading, speaking, and writing. There are frequent translation exercises and brief essays (in English) on the poem. Class meets five hours per week: three hours on Dante's poem and two hours of concentrated language study. E. Weaver, Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

20100-20200-20300. Language, History, and Culture I, II, III. PQ: ITAL 10300 or 10600, or placement. In this intermediate-level sequence, students review all major grammar points and develop their skills in description, narration, and argumentation. They read and discuss both literary and historical texts in order to understand contemporary Italian society and its historical roots. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

20400/30400. Corso di perfezionamento. PQ: ITAL 20400. Open only to returning Pisa immersion students. The goal of this course is to help students achieve mastery of composition and style through the acquisition of numerous writing techniques. Using a variety of literary and nonliterary texts as models, students examine the linguistic structure and organization of several types of written Italian discourse and are guided in the acquisition of the rules underlying each discourse type. Staff. Autumn.

Literature and Culture

All literature and culture courses are conducted in Italian unless otherwise indicated. Italian concentrators do all work in Italian. With prior consent of instructor, nonconcentrators may write in English.

20700/30700. Survey I: Letteratura italiana dal Duecento al Quattrocento. PQ: ITAL 20300 or consent of instructor. Concentrators should consult with the B.A. adviser regarding appropriate substitutes for this required course. This course is an introduction to the notion of literary history and a consideration of the interrelationship of literary works, their historical and cultural contexts, their authors, their immediate reading public, and their modern reader. In the first quarter, which is devoted to the literature of feudal society and the early city-states, we focus on three genres: (1) the novella, (2) lyric poetry, and (3) the epic poem. Not offered 2001-02; will be offered 2002-03.

20800/30800. Survey II: Letteratura italiana dal Cinquecento al Settecento. PQ: ITAL 20300 or consent of instructor. Concentrators should consult with the B.A. adviser regarding appropriate substitutes for this required course. We read and analyze representative texts from the beginning of Renaissance court society and throughout the ancien régime, focusing on the following genres: lyric poetry, treatises, essays, epic poetry, and drama. We study the correspondences of texts and contexts, paying special attention to the context of the visual arts and architecture. Not offered 2001-02; will be offered 2002-03.

20900/30900. Survey III: Letteratura italiana dall'Ottocento al Novecento. PQ: ITAL 20300 or consent of instructor. Concentrators should consult with the B.A. adviser regarding appropriate substitutes for this required course. We read texts published during the last two hundred years documenting the rise of bourgeois society and culture and the advanced industrial age. Where possible, we seek to analyze complete works and to consider them in the context of other literatures. Our focus is on lyric poetry and novels. Not offered 2001-02; will be offered 2002-03.

22100. Dante in Translation (=FNDL 22100, HUMA 24200, ITAL 22100, RLST 26700). A close reading of the Divine Comedy by Dante, highlighting the major problems and the most famous cantos. An important goal of the course is to give a view of medieval culture (e.g., the allegorical mode, the problem of state and church, and the culture of Scholasticism) taking Dante's work as a basis. Classes conducted in English. P. Cherchi. Winter.

23500/33500. Boccaccio e la novellistica. PQ: ITAL 20300 or consent of instructor. This course concentrates on Boccaccio's Decameron; it also briefly surveys other novella collections and modern critical approaches to the study of the genre. We read the Decameron and some selections from the anonymous Novellino and Franco Sacchetti's Trecentonovelle. Classes conducted in Italian; concentrators do all work in Italian. E. Weaver. Autumn.

24400/34400. Il poema epico-cavalleresco: Boiardo e Ariosto. PQ: ITAL 20300 or consent of instructor. Primarily a study of Ariosto's Orlando furioso, the course also treats the poem's famous precursor, M. M. Boiardo's Orlando innamorato, its continuations and remaniements (especially Francesco Berni's Rifacimento), and theoretical discussions of the genre of chivalric romance. Classes conducted in Italian; concentrators do all work in Italian. E. Weaver. Winter.

25000/35000. Machiavelli e Guicciardini. This course analyzes the "writing of history" in the Italian Renaissance through Niccolò Machiavelli and Francesco Guicciardini, its two major historians. The course includes both primary texts and an extensive selection of secondary literature. As far as Machiavelli is concerned, we focus on the following books: Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Livio, Vita di Castruccio Castracani, Il Principe, and Istorie fiorentine. To highlight Machiavelli's original interpretation of the Prince, we analyze the tradition of treatises on the Christian Prince, which preceded and followed Machiavelli's text. In the second part of the course, we read Guicciardini's Considerazioni sopra i discorsi del Machiavelli, Ricordi, and Istoria d'Italia, plus a selection of his correspondence with Machiavelli. Classes conducted in Italian. A. Maggi. Winter.

27200/37200. Teatro '700. The course consists of the reading of the major dramatic authors of the Settecento (i.e., Metastasio, Goldoni, and Alfieri). Classes conducted in Italian. P. Cherchi. Winter.

28400/38400. Pasolini (=CMST 23500/33500, GNDR 28600, ITAL 28400/38400). PQ: Consent of instructor. This course examines each aspect of Pasolini's artistic production according to the most recent literary and cultural theories, including gender studies. We analyze his poetry (i.e., "Le Ceneri di Gramsci" and "Poesie informa di rosa"), some of his novels (i.e., Ragazzi di vita, Una vita violenta, Teorema, and Petrolio), and his numerous essays on the relationship between standard Italian and dialects, semiotics and cinema, and the role of intellectuals in contemporary Western culture. We also discuss the following films: Accattone, La ricotta, Edipo Re, Teorema, and Salo. A. Maggi. Spring.

29700. Readings in Special Topics. PQ: ITAL 10300 or 20300, depending upon the requirements of the program for which credit is sought. Students are required to submit the College Reading and Research Course Form. This course provides directed readings in special topics not covered by courses offered as part of the program in Italian. Subjects treated and work done in the course must be chosen, in consultation with the instructor, no later than the end of the preceding quarter. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

29900. B.A. Paper Preparation: Italian. PQ: Consent of B.A. adviser. Students are required to submit the College Reading and Research Course Form. This course examines problems and methods of research, concentrating on a literary topic of the student's choice, as preparation for the B.A. paper. Individual tutorial sessions are arranged. Staff. Winter.

Some 30000- and 40000-level courses are open to advanced RLLT concentrators with consent of instructor.

Portuguese

Language (must be taken for a letter grade)

10100-10200-10300. Elementary Portuguese I, II, III. This is the basic three-quarter sequence of Portuguese language instruction. The course stresses oral communication and conversational expression in the first quarter, leading to gradual acquisition of reading and writing skills in the second and third quarters. Strong emphasis is placed on classroom activities throughout the sequence; these center increasingly on Brazilian and Portuguese cultural themes as the course progresses. Reading and writing tasks also increase in complexity, accompanying students' growing knowledge of the spoken language. A.-M. Lima. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

12200. Portuguese for Spanish Speakers. PQ: SPAN 20100 or consent of instructor. This class is designed for speakers of Spanish to develop competence quickly in spoken and written Portuguese. In this intermediate-level course, students learn ways to apply their Spanish language skills to mastering Portuguese by concentrating on the similarities and differences between the two languages. A.-M. Lima. Spring.

20100/30100. Intermediate Portuguese. PQ: PORT 10300 or consent of instructor. While maintaining emphasis on spoken expression, this course incorporates grammar review with selected readings from the Luso-Brazilian literary tradition. Writing assignments stress the culture and civilization of Portugal and Brazil. Students enrolled in PORT 20100 have the option of attending an extra weekly meeting designed to provide additional practice and review. A.-M. Lima. Autumn.

20200/30200. Advanced Portuguese. PQ: PORT 20100/30100 or consent of instructor. Careful reading of a broad range of texts in conjunction with selective grammar review supports students' increasing awareness of literary style. At least one major work from the Portuguese and Brazilian literary traditions is chosen for closer study and analysis; past choices include Jorge Amado and Machado de Assis. Students enrolled in PORT 20200 have the option of attending an extra weekly meeting designed to provide additional practice and review. A.-M. Lima. Winter.

Literature and Culture

21500/31500. Estilística da língua portuguesa. PQ: PORT 20200/30200 or consent of instructor. The principal aim of this course is to advance knowledge of written Portuguese while creating awareness of grammatical and stylistic patterns that characterize the more complex registers of the language. Special consideration is given to the major differences between continental and Brazilian Portuguese. In addition to reading, analyzing, and commenting on advanced texts, both literary and nonliterary, students practice and extend their writing skills in a series of compositions. A.-M. Lima. Spring.

29700. Readings in Special Topics. PQ: PORT 10300 or 20200/30200, depending upon the requirements of the program for which credit is sought. Students are required to submit the College Reading and Research Course Form. Directed readings in special topics not covered by courses offered as part of the program in Portuguese. Subjects treated and work done in the course must be chosen, in consultation with the instructor, no later than the end of the preceding quarter. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

Spanish

Language (must be taken for a letter grade)

10100-10200-10300. Beginning Elementary Spanish I, II, III. This three-quarter sequence emphasizes the development of communicative (i.e., linguistic, sociolinguistic, and cultural) competence in Spanish. Students develop listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills by practicing specific language functions in context and by communicating in Spanish. Classroom activities are supplemented by individualized listening and speaking exercises in the language lab and by structured communication and review tasks undertaken with peers. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

10201-10301. Continuing Elementary Spanish I, II. PQ: Placement. This sequence provides a complete review of the essential semantic and syntactic structures of Spanish. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

20100-20200-20300. Language, History, and Culture I, II, III. PQ: SPAN 10300 or placement. In this intermediate-level sequence, students review all major grammar points and develop their skills in description, narration, and argumentation. They read and discuss both literary and historical texts to understand contemporary Hispanic societies and their historical roots. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

20400/30400. Curso de perfeccionamiento. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. The goal of this course is to help students achieve mastery of composition and style in Spanish through the acquisition of numerous writing techniques. Using a variety of literary and nonliterary texts as models, students examine the linguistic structure and organization of several types of written Spanish discourse and are guided in the acquisition of the rules underlying each discourse type. Staff. Autumn.

20500. Curso de perfeccionamiento para hablantes nativos. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. This advanced language course is devoted to those areas that present the most difficulties for native speakers of Spanish, with particular emphasis on the use of language in formal spoken and written contexts. To help students improve their writing skills, class work focuses on frequent writing exercises, including orthographic conventions. Reading is also stressed to introduce and exemplify the use of different styles and levels of writing. Staff. Autumn.

20600/30600. Fonética y fonología. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. This advanced language course is devoted to developing advanced proficiency in spoken Spanish. There is special emphasis on problems in phonetics particular to Anglophones. To help students expand their linguistic fluency, class work focuses on frequent oral presentations that exemplify the use of patterns in the spoken language. Staff. Spring.

Literature and Culture

All literature and culture courses are conducted in Spanish unless otherwise indicated. Spanish concentrators do all work in Spanish. With prior consent of instructor, nonconcentrators may write in English.

20700. Literatura hispánica: textos clásicos. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. This course involves careful reading and discussion of a limited number of significant texts from writers of the Spanish Middle Ages, Renaissance, and the Golden Age (e.g., Don Juan Manuel, Jorge Manrique, Garcilaso, Fray Luis de León, Cervantes, Lope de Vega, Calderón, and María de Zayas). Classes conducted in Spanish. F. de Armas. Autumn.

20800. Literatura hispánica: textos españoles contemporáneos. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. Close reading and discussion of selected texts from the nineteenth century to the present. Authors may include Larra, Espronceda, Zorrilla, Bécquer, Pardo Bazán, Galdós, Unamuno, Valle-Inclán, Machado, Lorca, Cela, Laforet, and Matute. E. Amann. Winter.

20900. Literatura hispánica: textos hispanoamericanos. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. This course examines Latin American literature through representative texts from 1492 to the 1990s. Authors studied may include Columbus, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Sigüenza y Góngora, Sarmiento, Martí, Echevarría, Borges, Bioy Casares, Carpentier, García Márquez, Cortázar, Neruda, Paz, Mastretta, and Boullosa. L. Voigt. Spring.

21000. Español académico para hablantes bilingües. PQ: Open to native Spanish speakers. This seminar/practicum focuses on developing vocabulary and discourse styles for academic verbal communication through exposure to taped formal interviews and public debate in the media. This course also includes diverse written materials and, most importantly, active class participation. Staff. Spring.

21100. Las Regiones Del Español. This advanced language course expands linguistic awareness with regard to the great diversity of languages in the Spanish-speaking world. We emphasize the interrelationship between languages and culture, giving special consideration to identifying lexical variations, regional expressions exemplifying diverse cultural and linguistic aspects of Spanish language, and recognizing phonological differences. Staff. Winter.

21500. Introducción al análisis literario. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. Through a variety of representative works of Hispanic literature, this course focuses on the discussion and practical application of different approaches to the critical reading of literary texts. We also study basic concepts and problems of literary theory, as well as strategies for research and academic writing in Spanish. Classes conducted in Spanish. M. Santana. Autumn.

21600. Topics in Hispanic Culture: La cultura hispánica a través de la prensa. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. This lecture/discussion and writing course is based on selected readings from Spanish-language newspapers and cultural magazines from Spain, Latin America, and the United States (especially Chicago), with an emphasis on current social, political, and cultural issues. Staff. Winter.

24300/34300. Cervantes: sus últimas obras, Entre el Renacimiento y el Barroco. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. This course focuses on Cervantes's late works: Don Quijote Part II (1615), the Novelas ejemplares (1613), and the Persiles y Sigismunda (1617). The course shows how Cervantes's "desire for Italy" still prevails in these works, through the utilization of Italian Renaissance art. But now these images are transformed, transposed, and parodied so as to create fleeting and unstable pictures. Although Cervantes ends his work with a pilgrimage to Rome in the Persiles y Sigismunda, Christian relics serve to obscure and problematize the brilliancy of a Classical and Renaissance world. Classes conducted in Spanish. F. de Armas. Winter.

24700/34700. Historiografía mestiza. Toward the end of the sixteenth century, after nearly a century of colonization, mestizo historians in Mexico and Peru began the work of rewriting the history of the Spanish conquest of the Americas. Pre-conquest Amerindian history and culture were also addressed in works that revealed the bicultural perspective of their authors or that incorporated native testimonials and iconography. This course examines texts by Andean authors (i.e., El Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Guaman Poma de Ayala, and Titu Cusi Yupanqui) and by those working in New Spain (i.e., Bernardino de Sahagún, Hernando Alvarado Tezozomoc, and Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxóchitl) to study how both historiographic form and historical content were revised from an American perspective. L. Voigt. Winter.

24800/34800. Literatura y crimen. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. The production of crime fiction in the Hispanic literary world has a long tradition that dates back to the mid-nineteenth century and has recently gained critical attention as postmodern literary theories focus on fictional forms that are both popular and self-conscious. This course studies the historical development of the genre in Hispanic letters, as well as its formal and ideological foundations. Authors likely to be discussed include Emilia Pardo Bazán, Jorge Luis Borges, Maria Antònia Oliver, Manuel Vázquez Montalbán, Luisa Valenzuela, Mario Vargas Llosa, Marina Mayoral, Gabriel García Márquez, and Ricardo Piglia. Classes conducted in Spanish. M. Santana. Autumn.

25300/35300. Poesía española e hispanoamericana del Romanticismo al Modernismo postrero. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. Classes conducted in Spanish. R. deCosta. Spring.

25500. The Politics of Adultery (=CMLT 24600, GNDR 25500, SPAN 25500). This course examines sexual and textual promiscuity in the nineteenth-century European novel. Reading major examples of the novel of adultery (i.e., Flaubert's Madame Bovary and Clarín's La Regenta), we attempt to understand why the plot of female infidelity came to dominate the novel of this period. Placing the works side by side, we explore how Clarín put Flaubert's adultery novel into dialogue with other texts and genres (e.g., the Bildungsroman, the prostitute's tale, and melodrama) to draw out its social and political implications. Secondary readings may include essays by Roland Barthes, Jules de Gaultier, Paul de Man, Jacques Derrida, Sigmund Freud, René Girard, Fredric Jameson, Barbara Johnson, Georg Lukács, Jeffrey Mehlman, Franco Moretti, Ronald Paulson, Tony Tanner, and Slavoj Zizek. Classes conducted in English. E. Amann. Autumn.

25700/35700. Dandismo. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. This course explores dandyism, performativity, and camp sensibility in the nineteenth-century Spanish novel. Particular emphasis is placed on female forms of dandyism (e.g., the diva and the femme de la mode) and on the relation between these female performers and their male counterparts. Readings include novels by Clarin, Pardo Bazán, and Galdós; theoretical essays on gender and the camp sensibility; and nineteenth-century discussions of the dandy. Classes conducted in Spanish. E. Amann. Winter.

26500/36500. Nación, modernidad e identidad en la literatura venezolana del siglo XX. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. Twentieth-century Venezuelan literature rewrites its inherited fictions of nation and identity, whether of liberation, bourgeois modernization, decadence, or Caesarism. From the 1920s, we examine both the populist discourses of mestizaje and the oppressed. We then move to the 1960s and the wealth of discourses protesting the forced march through modernity. Authors include Rómulo Gallegos, Teresa de la Parra, Arturo Uslar Pietri, Adriano González León, and Ana Teresa Torres. Classes conducted in Spanish. J. Lasarte. Spring.

27600/37600. Introducción al cine español. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. A critical examination of the history of Spanish film during the twentieth century. We focus on fundamental concepts of narrative in visual media and study a selection of films and documentaries by, among others, Luis Buñuel, Carlos Saura, Pilar Miró, Luis García Berlanga, Pedro Almodóvar, and Alejandro Amenábar. Classes conducted in Spanish. M. Santana. Spring.

28400/38400. Ovidio y el deseo latinoamericano. PQ: SPAN 20300 or consent of instructor. This course moves from classical Rome to medieval Spain to contemporary Latin America in an examination of a certain tradition of speaking desire, in which the rhetoric of seduction and the seduction of rhetoric intertwine, especially in the figure of the go-between or celestina. After reading Ovid's Amores and Ars amatoria in translation, we study the medieval classics by the Arçipreste de Hita (Libro de Buen Amor) and Fernando de Rojas (La Celestina), and jump to the novel El amor en los tiempos del cólera by García Márquez and to the figure of Pablo Neruda. Secondary readings are from Freud, Derrida, and Barthes. Classes conducted in Spanish. P. O'Connor. Autumn.

29100. Borges and His Precursors. This lecture/discussion course is organized around Borges's multi-faceted career, from avant-garde poet in the 1920s to essayist, film critic, short-storywriter, and literary prankster. We focus on the development of his narrative art in the context of his acknowledged "precursors" in the genre of the fantastic: Hoffman, Gogol, Poe, and Kafka. We explore some theory (i.e., Borges and Todorov). All work in English. R. deCosta. Spring.

29700. Readings in Special Topics. PQ: SPAN 10300 or 20300, depending on the requirements of the program for which credit is sought. Students are required to submit the College Reading and Research Course Form. Directed readings on special topics not covered by courses offered as part of the program in Spanish. Subjects treated and work done must be chosen, in consultation with the instructor, no later than the end of the preceding quarter. Staff. Autumn, Winter, Spring.

29900. B.A. Paper Preparation: Spanish. PQ: Consent of B.A. adviser. Students are required to submit the College Reading and Research Course Form. This is a study of problems and methods of research, concentrating on a literary topic of the student's choice, as preparation for the B.A. paper. Individual tutorial sessions arranged. Staff. Winter.